副词系统归纳学习专题

a．大多数方式副词，都在形容词后加-ly构成。英语中有若干对副词，其特点是后者通常在前者后加-ly所构成，常见的有：注意拼法：

形容词    副词    形容词          副词

glad    gladly    mournful    mournfully

happy   happily    heavy      heavily

jolly   jollily    silly      sillily

shy     shyly      dry        dryly

due     duly       true       truly

able    ably       probable   probably

dull    dully      full       fully

vile    vilely     sole       solely

despotic despotically idiomatic idiomatically

public   publicly    clean,     cleanly;

clear,   clearly;    low,       lowly;

direct,  directly;   just,      justly;     straight, straightly; strong, strongly;

注意下列形容词与副词在词义上有差异：

near,   nearly;  pretty,   prettily;

right,  rightly; short,    shortly;

wide,   widely    dead,    deadly;

deep,   deeply;   late,    lately;

hard,   hardly;   high,    highly;

close,  closely;  most,    mostly;

fair,   fairly;

（例外情况）

ill-natured  ill-naturedly

kind-hearted kind-heartedly

provoking    provokingly

charming     charmingly

faltering    falteringly

lingering    lingeringly

mistaken     mistakenly

hidden       hiddenly

marked       markedly

undisguised  undisguisedly

但是：friendly（形容词）—in a friendly way；manly（形容词）—in a manly manner；kingly（形容词）—in akingly manner．

4.和形容词一样，以-ingly或-edly结尾的副词，也有激起感情及感受情绪的差别，但用得比较少，如：

激起情绪              感受情绪

He speaks amusingly.  We listen amusedly．

The flowers bloom delightfully． We watch them de－ligtedly

He behaves disgustingly．We left disgustedly．

The fight goes on excitingly． We look on excitedly．

5.．有少数副词和形容词形式相同：

He came in the late afternoon．（形容词）

He arrived late．（副词）

He has waited for a long time．（形容词）

He has waited so long．（副词）